Gunung Semeru yang terpantau dari Pos Pengamatan Gunung api Semeru di Gunung Sawur, Kabupaten Lumajang, hari Sabtu, 25/03/2023. ANTARA/HO-PVMBG/am
Gunung Semeru mengalami 21 kali gempa letusan atau erupsi pada pada hari Sabtu pagi, 25/03/2023, pukul 00.00-06.00 WIB. Gempa tersebut terekam dengan amplitudo 17-22 mm selama 75-155 detik.
Petugas Pos Pengamatan Gunung api Semeru Yadi Yuliandi dalam laporan tertulisnya mengatakan bahwa pengamatan kegempaan aktivitas Gunung Semeru pada Sabtu pukul 00.00-06.00 WIB terjadi sebanyak 21 kali gempa letusan atau erupsi dengan amplitudo 17-22 mm dengan lama gempa 75-155 detik.
"Dalam seismograf juga terekam terjadi satu kali harmonik dengan amplitudo 155 dan lama gempa 215 detik," katanya di Pos Pengamatan Gunung api Semeru di Gunung Sawur, Kabupaten Lumajang, Jawa Timur, Sabtu.
Selain itu, lanjut dia, terjadi satu kali gempa vulkanik dalam dengan amplitudo 24 mm dan dua kali gempa tektonik jauh dengan amplitudo 10-14 mm.
Untuk pengamatan secara visual, Gunung Semeru terlihat jelas, asap kawah tidak teramati, kemudian cuaca cerah hingga berawan, angin lemah ke arah selatan dan barat daya.
Status Gunung Semeru masih pada level III atau Siaga, sehingga masyarakat diimbau untuk mematuhi semua rekomendasi yang sudah ditetapkan Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (PVMBG).
Ia menjelaskan masyarakat dilarang melakukan aktivitas apapun di sektor tenggara di sepanjang Besuk Kobokan sejauh 13 km dari puncak (pusat erupsi).
Di luar jarak tersebut, masyarakat juga tidak boleh melakukan aktivitas pada jarak 500 meter dari tepi sungai (sempadan sungai) di sepanjang Besuk Kobokan karena berpotensi terlanda perluasan awan panas dan aliran lahar hingga jarak 17 km dari puncak.
"Masyarakat di lereng Semeru juga diimbau tidak beraktivitas dalam radius 5 km dari kawah/puncak Gunung Api Semeru karena rawan terhadap bahaya lontaran batu (pijar)," katanya.
Selain itu, masyarakat juga diimbau mewaspadai potensi Awan Panas Guguran (APG), guguran lava, dan lahar di sepanjang aliran sungai/lembah yang berhulu di puncak Gunung Api Semeru.
"Terutama sepanjang Besuk Kobokan, Besuk Bang, Besuk Kembar, dan Besuk Sat serta potensi lahar pada sungai-sungai kecil yang merupakan anak sungai dari Besuk Kobokan," ujarnya.
Dengan sekitar 28,7 juta Muslim, mereka merupakan 34% dari populasi negara itu, menjadikan negara itu rumah bagi populasi Muslim terbesar kedua di Afrika Sub-Sahara setelah Nigeria.
Ethiopia memiliki hubungan sejarah dan budaya yang panjang dengan agama Kristen dan Islam. Kira-kira dua pertiga dari populasi Ethiopia diidentifikasi sebagai Kristen dan sepertiga adalah Muslim. Pada saat sensus tahun 2007, 43,5% dari populasi diidentifikasi sebagai Kristen Ortodoks Ethiopia, 33,9% diidentifikasi sebagai Muslim dan 18,5% diidentifikasi sebagai Kristen Protestan (Pentay). 3% lebih lanjut diidentifikasi dengan kepercayaan animisme tradisional, sedangkan proporsi sisanya diidentifikasi dengan beberapa agama lain (termasuk Katolik). Ethiopia juga dulunya memiliki populasi Yahudi yang cukup besar yang dikenal sebagai 'Beta Israel'. Namun, mayoritas orang Yahudi pindah ke Israel selama abad ke-20.
Kekuatan budaya Gereja 'Tewahedo' Ortodoks Ethiopia sangat menonjol. Banyak orang Etiopia bangga dengan fakta bahwa orang-orang mereka mengikuti agama Kristen sebelum banyak negara Barat mengenalnya. Mereka juga sering menunjukkan bahwa mereka adalah satu-satunya negara Afrika yang tidak diperkenalkan ke agama Kristen oleh penjajah Eropa. Memang, Ethiopia adalah salah satu negara pertama yang menyatakan agama Kristen sebagai agama resmi negara pada tahun 333 M.
Ethiopia adalah masyarakat yang sangat religius. Oleh karena itu, banyak keluarga dan masyarakat sangat tidak menganjurkan kemurtadan atau pindah agama.1 Namun, terdapat toleransi yang luas dan rasa hormat terhadap keragaman agama secara umum. Di beberapa bagian negara di mana terdapat populasi besar Kristen dan Muslim (seperti ibu kota), gereja dan masjid sering terletak berdekatan dan hubungan damai.
Islam in Ethiopia
Faktanya, Islam memiliki sejarah yang panjang dan istimewa di Ethiopia, dengan umat Islam pertama datang ke Ethiopia sekitar tahun 615 M untuk menghindari penganiayaan di Mekah pada masa pemerintahan Raja Axumite Armah (Ashama Ibn Abjar dalam tradisi Islam). Selain Somalia, Ethiopia adalah tempat persinggahan Rasulullah bersama para sahabatnya.
Islam diperkenalkan ke Ethiopia pada awal 600-an Masehu. Ini adalah agama tradisional untuk kelompok etnis Somalia, Afar, Argobba, Harari, Berta, Alba dan Silt'e. Ada juga banyak Muslim di antara kelompok etnis mayoritas seperti Oromo, Amhara dan Gurage. Sebagian besar Muslim Ethiopia mengikuti cabang Islam Sunni. Beberapa orang mungkin sebagian melek dalam bahasa Arab karena digunakan dalam konteks keagamaan formal (seperti bacaan dan azan).
Dalam sejarah dan tradisi Islam, Ethiopia (atau Al-Habasha) dikenal sebagai “Surga Migrasi Pertama atau Hijrah.” Bagi Muslim, Ethiopia identik dengan kebebasan dari penganiayaan dan emansipasi dari ketakutan.
Ini adalah awal dari jalinan sejarah Muslim dan Kristen yang panjang dan tahan lama di Ethiopia utara. Di daerah Wollo selatan (sedikit selatan Tigray) Muslim dan Kristen telah menikah dan anak-anak telah dapat memilih keyakinan mereka - apakah akan mengikuti ibu atau ayah mereka. Memang, di kota utama daerah tersebut (Dessie) beberapa tahun yang lalu, puasa di akhir Ramadhan jatuh pada Natal Ortodoks Ethiopia (7 Januari) dan kota tersebut merayakan kedua festival tersebut secara bersamaan.
kota Harar di Etiopia
Bagi mereka yang ingin melihat sisi Islam Ethiopia, titik awal terbaik sekarang adalah kota tua Harar yang bertembok dengan banyak masjid dan gang-gang sempitnya.
Mohammed Ali, 72, seorang pengusaha mengatakan dia melihat Ramadhan tahun ini menjadi momen perdamaian yang unik bagi Muslim Ethiopia, yang telah terkena dampak konflik seperti warga negara mereka yang lain.
“Para tetua di lingkungan saya mengadakan doa khusus untuk fokus pada perdamaian, persatuan, dan pengertian di negara kita. Kami yakin Allah akan membalas doa kami dan kami akan melihat perdamaian di Ethiopia sekali lagi,'' katanya.
Bahkan ketika perang antara pasukan federal dan pemberontak telah berakhir, pertempuran sporadis berlanjut di wilayah Tigray dan serangan berbasis etnis di Wollega Barat di provinsi Oromia dan Metekel di provinsi Benishangul Gumuz serta di beberapa kantong di wilayah Amhara.
Makanan Ramadhan: Masakan Ethiopia yang kaya nutrisi
Berbicara tentang makanan wajib yang berbeda untuk Iftar, kita dapat mengatakan bahwa hummus adalah hidangan yang harus dimiliki di Iftar Arab, sementara orang Pakistan dan India tidak bisa lupa menambahkan samosa ke menu buka puasa mereka. Namun, apa saja hidangan makanan terpenting di negara-negara Afrika, khususnya Ethiopia?
Gulungan Injera, makanan pokok orang Etiopia
Roti 'injera', dibuat dengan tepung teff, adalah makanan paling populer bagi orang Etiopia. Ini adalah roti pipih dengan tekstur kenyal. Ini bebas gluten dan dimakan dengan segala jenis hidangan yang disajikan.
Penduduk UEA tidak perlu jauh-jauh pergi ke Ethiopia untuk mencoba injera atau makanan tradisional lainnya. Ada sebuah restoran Etiopia di Palm Jumeirah, bernama Gursha, dan mereka tahu persis tentang budaya mereka.
"Budaya Ethiopia sangat condong ke pola makan berbasis biji-bijian dan biji-bijian, dan umat Islam di Ethiopia cenderung mengakhiri puasa mereka dengan sup lentil yang sehat dan bergizi yang dibuat dengan lentil merah, seledri dan dadih, dibumbui dengan kapulaga dan mimitita untuk keseimbangan yang makanan sesungguhnya.
BEIRUT, Pro-Iranian Shiite fighters fired at least nine rockets at a US military base near the Conoco gas field in Syria's Deir Ez-Zor governorate, the Al Hadath TV channel broadcasting from Dubai reported.
According to its information, an earlier missile strike was launched against a military base near the Al-Omar oil field. There was no information about the consequences of the two attacks and possible casualties.
The channel reported that US Air Force helicopters were up in the skies, patrolling the area in search of the attackers.
On Thursday night, the US Air Force attacked pro-Iranian forces' positions in Abu Kamal on the border with Iraq, as well as their camp in Mayadin and weapons storage facility near Harabish by Deir Ez-Zor. The series of strikes were conducted in retailation to an Iranian drone attack on a helipad at the US base in Rumaila, which killed one US servicemen and injured five others, along with another worker.
Since 2015, the US has established nine military bases in the northeast of the country, controlled by Kurdish units from the Syrian Democratic Forces. Four of them are near the oil fields in Deir Ez-Zor, and five more are in the neighboring province of Al-Hasakah. Several hundred US servicemen are assisting the Syrian Democratic Forces in the fight against the Islamic State (IS, outlawed in Russia - TASS) terrorist gangs that have activated their activities there.
Just days after he called for his followers to protest his possible indictment, Donald Trump made his most inflammatory comments yet about the case, suggesting overnight Thursday that his arrest could result in “potential death and destruction.” Then on Friday, it emerged that Alvin Bragg, the district attorney investigating him, had already received at least one death threat mailed earlier in the week.
Shortly after 1 a.m. on Friday morning, Trump wrote a lengthy post on TruthSocial that escalated his recent rhetoric against the Manhattan district attorney’s investigation into the role he played in making hush-money payments to Stormy Daniels.
“What kind of person can charge another person, in this case a former President of the United States, who got more votes than any sitting President in history, and leading candidate (by far!) for the Republican Party nomination, with a Crime, when it is known by all that NO Crime has been committed, and also known that potential death and destruction in such a false charge could be catastrophic for our Country?,” he wrote.
Trump then answered his own question, adding “Only a degenerate psychopath that truely [sic] hates the USA!,” in clear reference to Bragg, Manhattan’s first Black district attorney, whom the former president called an “animal” a day earlier.
NBC News reported Friday afternoon that the NYPD and FBI are investigating a letter mailed to Bragg that contained a death threat and a white powdery substance which was later found to be non-hazardous. The letter reportedly came from Orlando, Florida and was postmarked on Tuesday.
This all began last weekend when Trump predicted his own arrest would come this Tuesday (it did not), urging his followers to protest and to “TAKE OUR NATION BACK!” in a repeat of the rhetoric that inspired his supporters to attack the Capitol.
As the nation waited to see what the grand jury would decide, Politico spoke to Lanny Davis, who is representing Bragg’s star witness, Michael Cohen. In an interview, Davis gave his perspective on the case against Trump, raising a hypothetical that the grand jury determines Trump told Cohen to make the payments. “Michael went to prison. How come [Trump’s] any different?” he said.
But on the chance that Bragg doesn’t end up charging Trump with a crime?
“I’ll be disappointed. But I will grant him a good-faith judgment. And judgments can always be disagreed with, but I’ll be disappointed for sure,” he said.
The messages have all had echoes of the days leading up to the Jan. 6, 2021, attack on the U.S. Capitol by a pro-Trump mob. Trump had urged his followers to assemble in Washington that day, saying “Be there, will be wild!” as he pushed to stop Congress from certifying Joe Biden’s win.
The attack resulted in five deaths, and 140 police officers were injured. The House impeached Trump on a charge of inciting an insurrection; the Senate acquitted him.
House Minority Leader Hakeem Jeffries (D-N.Y.) castigated Trump on Friday for his latest comments, echoing criticism from other Democrats.
“The twice-impeached former president’s rhetoric is reckless, reprehensible and irresponsible,” Jeffries said at a news conference. “It’s dangerous. And if he keeps it up, he’s going to get someone killed.”
“We’ve already seen the consequences of incitement from the former president,” Jeffries added. “He is principally responsible for inciting the violent insurrection that happened on Jan. 6, but clearly he has not learned his lesson.”
Trump has been commenting frequently on the hush-money case as a Manhattan grand jury weighs evidence against him. The panel is not scheduled to meet again until at least Monday, according to people familiar with the situation who spoke on the condition of anonymity to discuss proceedings that are secret.
Prosecutors from Bragg’s office have been presenting grand jurors with evidence related to hush-money payments to Daniels during the 2016 presidential campaign. The payments were aimed at keeping her from airing her claim that she had a sexual relationship with Trump years earlier, prosecutors say
According to prosecutors, Daniels, whose legal name is Stephanie Clifford, was paid $130,000 by Michael Cohen, Trump’s former lawyer and fixer. Trump reimbursed him after becoming president, in installments that were designated as legal fees.
Hours after Trump’s tweet, Bragg said an envelope with a white substance was sent to the district attorney’s office, according to an email to staff Friday afternoon. The material was determined not to be dangerous.
“Your safety is our top priority,” Bragg wrote in the email, in which he also described the staff receiving “offensive or threatening phone calls or emails.”
As he did in a message to staff this past week, Bragg indicated that the office would press ahead. “We will continue to apply the law evenly and fairly, which is what each of you does every single day,” he said.
The New York Daily News first reported on the Bragg message to staff.
During his social media barrage of the past two days, Trump shared a right-wing publication’s image of him holding a baseball bat alongside a picture of Bragg’s head. Almost instantly, extremism trackers say, supporters were cracking jokes about physically attacking Bragg. “Batter up!” one post said.
“You take the image of him with the bat and now the next day it’s followed with actual words: violence, destruction. His base of supporters are connecting the dots,” said Pete Simi, an extremism scholar who studies threats to public officials with the National Counterterrorism Innovation, Technology, and Education Center, or NCITE, a Homeland Security research outpost in Omaha.
Several Republicans rejected political violence but were careful not to specifically criticize Trump, the front-runner for the 2024 GOP presidential nomination.
On Friday, House Majority Leader Steve Scalise (R-La.) said he had not heard Trump’s comments, but he said, “There’s no place in America for political violence of any kind.”
“I’ve been saying that for years, and I think everybody ought to take that position,” said Scalise, who was seriously injured in a politically motivated shooting in 2017 at a practice for the annual Congressional Baseball Game.
Rep. Dusty Johnson (R-S.D.), chairman of the Republican Main Street caucus, said, “In our system of government … you should never call for violence. So, you know, we need to do better.”
Rep. Michael McCaul (R-Tex.), chairman of the House Foreign Affairs Committee, said, “I’m all for peaceful protests, but peaceful protests. No violence.”
House Speaker Kevin McCarthy (R-Calif.), when asked about Trump’s latest comments Friday, said he had spoken about the issue already previously, and proceeded to talk about an upcoming House vote on education legislation.
McCarthy has slammed Bragg’s investigation, but he said Sunday that supporters of Trump should not protest if the former president is indicted.
“Nobody should harm one another,” McCarthy said, following Trump’s call for protests. “We want calmness out there.”
For his part, Trump resumed commentary on the case on Truth Social about eight hours after his overnight post.
“PROSECUTORIAL MISCONDUCT!” he wrote in all caps shortly after 9 a.m. Eastern time.
Trump will have another opportunity to criticize Bragg and other state and federal prosecutors investigating his conduct on Saturday when he appears at a rally scheduled in Waco, Tex.
Nearly 30 years ago, a lengthy standoff between a religious cult and federal agents in Waco ended on April 19, 1993, when the group’s compound near the city was destroyed in a fire. Nearly 80 people were killed.
Extremism monitors said the attacks on Bragg are alarming even against Trump’s long record of whipping up outrage among supporters and then directing that fury toward his enemies. Together with the “apocalyptic” symbolism of choosing Waco as a rally site, analysts said, Trump’s already thin veneer of plausible deniability is vanishing into unmistakable calls for violence.
Steven Windisch, assistant professor of criminal justice at Temple University in Philadelphia, is co-author of another NCITE research project that aims to pinpoint where political speech crosses into threats of violence. He tracked Google searches for Bragg before and after he landed in Trump’s crosshairs and found sharp increases timed to the publication of Trump’s most incendiary posts.
“The fact that (Bragg) is trending is not surprising,” Windisch said. “What’s surprising is the combination of what’s being searched: his address, his home and his phone, and general contact information. We even saw one spike where it was his family.”
Hujan deras disertai angin kencang yang melanda Kota Bogor menyebabkan tiga pohon di tiga lokasi berbeda tumbang pada hari Jumat, 24/03/2023.
Hujan deras disertai angin kencang yang melanda Kota Bogor menyebabkan tiga pohon di tiga lokasi berbeda tumbang pada hari Jumat, 24/03/2023.
Kejadian pertama, pohon petai cina yang memiliki tinggi 15 meter itu tumbang hingga menutupi akses jalan warga menuju Perumahan BMW, Kelurahan Kayumanis, Kecamatan Tanahsareal, Kota Bogor.
Kepala BPBD Kota Bogor, Teofilo Patrocinio Freitas menuturkan, kejadian pohon petai cina tumbang ini dilaporkan terjadi sekitar pukul 17:50 WIB.
“Penyebabnya karena hujan deras disertai angin kencang. Pohon tumbang menutup akses jalan menuju perumahan BMW,” kata pria yang akrab disapa Theo.
Tak hanya menutup akses jalan, menurut Theo, pohon petai cina ini tumbang mengenai kabel optik dan kabel PLN.
Meski begitu, saat ini kondisi arus jalan sudah kembali normal. Petugas sudah melakukan pemotongan dahan pohon tumbang itu.
“Sudah normal. Assessment dan pemotongan pohon tumbang telah selesai dilaksanakan oleh TRC-PB BPBD Kota Bogor,” ucap Theo.
Sementara, dilanjutkan Theo, untuk kejadian kedua, pohon tumbang terjadi di Kampung Rau RT 02/03, Kelurahan Mekarwangi, Kecamatan Tanahsareal.
Pohon berjenis gandaria yang memiliki ketinggian 10 meter itu tumbang menimpa kabel PLN dan Telkom hingga kabel tersebut terputus.
Meski begitu, penanganan pohon tumbang sudah dilakukan personel TRC-PB BPBD Kota Bogor.
Sedangkan yang ketiga, pohon tumbang terjadi Gang Melati RT 03 RW 01, Kelurahan Kayumanis, Kecamatan Tanah Sareal, Kota Bogor.
Dimana pohon Tumbang yang berjenis jambu dengan ukuran tinggi ±5m diameter ±30cm ini tumbang mengenai kabel telkom dan menutupi akses jalan warga.
“Assessment dan pemotongan pohon sudah selesai dilakukan oleh personil TRC-PB BPBD Kota Bogor dilokasi kejadian,” tandas Theo
Kanopi minimarket di Kelurahan Harapanjaya, Cibinong, Kabupaten Bogor ambruk, Jumat (24/3/2023). Foto: MPI/Putra Ramadhani Astyawan
Tujuh unit sepeda motor, tertimpa atap bangunan minimarket yang roboh usai diterjang angin kencang di wilayah Kelurahan Harapanjaya, Kecamatan Cibinong, Kabupaten Bogor, pada hari Jumat, 24/03/2023.
Suparman, seorang juru parkir di sekitar lokasi menuturkan, robohnya atap pelataran parkir minimarket tersebut, terjadi sekitar pukul 17.45 WIB.
“Awalnya itu ada baliho nggak ada jalur anginnya, jadi pas ada angin kencang kebawa terus ambruk nimpa atap bangunan depan (minimarket),” kata Suparman.
Atap yang roboh tertimpa baliho kemudia menimpa 7 motor yang ada di bawahnya. Beruntung tidak ada korban jiwa maupun luka dalam peristiwa tersebut, meski cukup banyak orang sedang berteduh di sana.
“Ramai orang. Yang ketimpa itu motor pengunjung tiga, yang kerja empat. Jadi semuanya tujuh motor yang ketimpa,” kata Suparman.
Suparman menyebut, pada saat kejadian, dirinya sedang berada di depan minimarket dan sedikit tertimpa reruntuhan bangunan.
Saksi lainnya, Jajang mengatakan robohnya atap bangunan tersebut terjadi saat terjadi hujan dan disertai angin kencang.
“Banyak yang neduh, orang-orang niatnya pada neduh di minimarket, untungnya gak ada yang di tengah-tengah (dekat pintu), jadi gak ada yang ketimpa,” jelasnya.
Menurut Jajang, beberapa karyawan minimarket sempat tak bisa keluar dari toko tersebut karena pintu toko tertutup reruntuhan.
“Tadi mah gak bisa keluar, sekarang mah udah bisa, pengendara yang neduh pada lari lewat pinggir, soalnya pinggirny gak kena,” terangnya.
Sementara itu, Danru BPBD Kabupaten Bogor, Sopian Sauri robohnya atap bangunan tersebut terjadi saat menjelang buka puasa.
“Tadi sebelum buka puasa terjadi hujan deras disertai angin kencang pada pukul 17.45 WIB terjadi bangunan (kanopi minimarket) terbawa angin yang roboh,” paparnya.
Hingga saat ini, kata Sopian, pihak BPBD tengah melakukan assesment lebih lanjut terkait kejadian tersebut.
“Alhamdulillah tdk ada korban jiwa, kami BPBD sedang melakukan assesment tapi dari pihak indomart sedang melakukan evakuasi, nanti tim BPBD akan tiba di lokasi,” pungkasnya.
